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Transformer Turns Ratio Calculator

Calculate the turns ratio Np:Ns from winding counts or from primary and secondary voltages.

Turns ratio
4 : 1
Np : Ns = Vp : Vs. A ratio above 1 means step-down; below 1 means step-up.
Transformer type
Step-down
Inverse ratio
1 : 0.25

How it works

  1. 1Choose to calculate from winding turns (Np, Ns) or from voltages (Vp, Vs).
  2. 2Enter the two values — the turns ratio Np:Ns equals the voltage ratio Vp:Vs.
  3. 3Read the ratio, the transformer type, and the inverse ratio.

Use cases

  • Verifying the winding spec of a mains transformer for a power supply.
  • Checking whether a transformer is step-down or step-up before connecting equipment.
  • Deriving the secondary turns needed for a target output voltage.

Frequently asked questions

What is the transformer turns ratio?

The turns ratio is Np ÷ Ns. By Faraday’s law it equals the voltage ratio Vp ÷ Vs, so a 1000:250 winding steps voltage down by 4:1.

When is a transformer step-down vs step-up?

A ratio greater than 1 (Np > Ns) is step-down; less than 1 is step-up; exactly 1 is an isolation transformer.

Can I use voltages instead of turns?

Yes. Because Vp/Vs = Np/Ns, the open-circuit primary and secondary voltages give the same ratio.

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