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engineering

Hydraulic Cylinder Calculator

Calculate hydraulic cylinder push force and extension speed from pressure, bore, and flow rate.

Push force
39.27 kN
Cylinder push (extend) force = pressure × piston area. The retract force is lower because the rod reduces the effective area on the rod side.
Force (kN)
39.27 kN
Piston area
19.63 cm²
Extend speed
254.6 mm/s

How it works

  1. 1Enter the operating pressure, cylinder bore diameter, and oil flow rate.
  2. 2The calculator finds the piston area (π/4 × bore²) and applies F = P × A.
  3. 3Extension speed is v = Q ÷ A, giving force and speed in one step.

Use cases

  • Selecting a cylinder for a press, clamp, or lift application.
  • Verifying that a pump and cylinder meet a required force target.
  • Estimating actuator cycle times from extension speed.

Frequently asked questions

How is the push force calculated?

F = pressure × full piston area (π/4 × bore²). At 200 bar on a 50 mm bore, area ≈ 19.6 cm² and force ≈ 39.3 kN.

Why is the retract force lower?

On the rod side the effective area is reduced by the rod cross-section, so the same pressure produces less force on retraction.

What flow gives a target speed?

Rearrange v = Q ÷ A to Q = v × A. To extend a 50 mm bore at 50 mm/s needs Q ≈ 0.098 L/s.

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